Self-assessment Assessment of the red reflex Congenital cataracts Retinoblastoma Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) Congenital glaucoma Congenital corneal opacity

Ophthalmic emergencies in the first 3 months of life OBJECTIVES In this module you will review vision-threatening disease-processes in infants. All of these conditions require urgent referral to an ophthalmologist and immediate treatment. Opacities of the ocular media need to be detected early and referred promptly to prevent irreversible deprivational amblyopia. The current wisdom is that left untreated, significant opacities in the ocular media lead to irreversible amblyopia past the age of three months. This slide shows a dense nuclear congenital cataract which precludes formed vision in the affected eye.