Optic nerve head: Contents | Next >

Self-assessment

  1. Basic colouration of the fundus is variable, often related to ethnic back ground.
  2. A pigment ring surrounding the nerve head is abnormal.
  3. The apparent size and shape of the nerve head depends largely on the patient`s refractive error.
  4. Spontaneous venous pulses are visible anywhere along the length of the vein.
  5. Absence of spontaneous venous pulses is an ominous sign.
  6. Nasal blurring of the nerve head is always worrisome.
  7. Colobomas can involve the nerve head without involving the iris and choroid.
  8. Marked tortuosity of retinal vessels may indicate a serious congenital defect.
  9. The cup/disc ratio is normally 0.3 but wide variations occur.
  10. On inspection of the nerve head, papillitis is readily distinguishable from papilledema.

Optic nerve head: Contents | Next >